{"id":3357,"date":"2025-10-10T18:50:54","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T15:50:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/psikopolitikdergi.com\/?p=3357"},"modified":"2026-04-26T09:50:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T06:50:31","slug":"ankara-gar-katliami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/psikopolitikdergi.com\/2025\/10\/10\/ankara-gar-katliami","title":{"rendered":"R\u00f6portaj: Burhanettin Kaya ile Ankara Gar Katliam\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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Prof. Dr. Burhanettin KAYA ile Ankara Gar Katliam\u0131n\u0131 konu\u015ftuk. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1 – 10 Ekim Katliam\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u2018\u2019bar\u0131\u015f ve demokrasi\u2019\u2019 arzusu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne ifade ediyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her \u00fclkenin her toplumun, ulusun, halk\u0131n, etnik yap\u0131n\u0131n vb. travmalar\u0131 var. \u0130nsan eliyle bilerek ya da kaza ile olu\u015fan. \u00c7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde. Do\u011fal felaketleri var, baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde do\u011fall\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan…  Kaza ya da her t\u00fcrl\u00fc denetim, \u00f6nlem ve haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ra\u011fmen \u00f6nlenemeyen diyemeyece\u011fimiz. Siyasal \u015fiddetleri var… G\u00f6zalt\u0131lar\u0131, i\u015fkenceleri… Daha bir s\u00fcr\u00fc. Katliam s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc her duyu\u015fumda travma s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de akl\u0131ma \u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin travmalar \u00fclkesi oldu\u011fu. Ama \u00f6yle s\u0131radan bir travmalar \u00fclkesi de\u011fil. Failleri a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmayan, y\u00fczle\u015filmemi\u015f, y\u00fczle\u015filmeyen, hesapla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, bunun engellendi\u011fi, olanaks\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, cezas\u0131zl\u0131kla bezenmi\u015f, a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yara hep a\u00e7\u0131k kalan, onar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, onar\u0131lamayan, \u00fczeri k\u00fcllense de alt\u0131ndaki korun i\u00e7in i\u00e7in yand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir travmalar \u00fclkesi. Bu y\u00fczle\u015filmemi\u015fli\u011fi, hesapla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yaran\u0131n bu a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iktidar\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmenin bir arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren, katliamlar\u0131, travmalar\u0131n\u0131, ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, adaleti ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131ran. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu katliamlar\u0131n, travmalar\u0131n en ac\u0131mas\u0131z \u00f6rnekleri ya\u015fand\u0131. Derinli\u011fine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin de yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131,  g\u00f6r\u00fcneni daha iyi anlatan, ger\u00e7e\u011fi daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lan ba\u015fka s\u00f6zc\u00fcklere gereksinim oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m, pogrom gibi. Orhan Gazi Ertekin Mara\u015f Katliam\u0131 ile ilgili haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n giri\u015finde bu ihtiyaca \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor.<\/em> Katliamlar\u0131n en temel \u00f6zelli\u011finin toplumsal, siyasal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve hukuksal olarak hesapla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ve farkl\u0131 toplumsal kesimler aras\u0131nda ortak ya\u015fam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne y\u00f6n veren hukuki bir de\u011fer b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu da ekliyor (Ertekin, 2020).<\/em>
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Kabul etmek gerekir ki, bir travmay\u0131 i\u015fleyebilmenin anlamland\u0131rabilmenin yolu \u00f6ncelikle ya\u015fanan\u0131n ad\u0131n do\u011fru koymaktan ge\u00e7iyor. Katliama, facia, olay, hadise ya da vak\u0131a demek,  gerekli unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7ermesine ra\u011fmen \u201cpogrom, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d dememek anlamland\u0131rma s\u00fcrecini ketliyor, olanaks\u0131z k\u0131l\u0131yor. <\/em>
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Her \u00fclke, iktidarlar yurtta\u015flar\u0131na, vatanda\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, g\u00fcven i\u00e7inde yoksulluk ve yoksunluk ya\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya, zenginlik vadediyor. Sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya… Toplumsal adaletin, hukuksal e\u015fitli\u011fin oldu\u011fu. Oysa katliamlar ve devletlerin bunlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesindeki sorumluluklar\u0131 ya da sorumsuzluklar\u0131 t\u00fcm bu vaatleri bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki, bar\u0131\u015f ve demokrasi s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin insana huzur ve g\u00fc\u00e7 veren, g\u00fcvende hissettiren etkisini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131yor. Katliamlardan \u00f6nce ve sonra yapt\u0131klar\u0131yla. \u00d6nlemeyerek, yurtta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 korumayarak, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yaparak, failleri bulmayarak, soru\u015fturmayarak, hukuksal s\u00fcreci g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez, izlenmez k\u0131larak. Cezas\u0131zl\u0131kla. \u0130kili hukuk sistemi uygulayarak. 10 Ekim Gar Katliam\u0131nda da,  Mara\u015f, \u00c7orum, Sivas katliamlar\u0131nda da,  \u00fclkenin tarihine izini ve g\u00f6lgesini b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f daha bir\u00e7ok katliamda bunlar\u0131 bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. <\/em>
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E\u011fer bar\u0131\u015f ve demokrasiden bir arzu olarak s\u00f6z ediyorsak daha ba\u015ftan her ikisini de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyoruz demektir. Bir \u015feyi arzuluyorsak yoktur. Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, bizim i\u00e7in bir ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nday\u0131z anlam\u0131na geliyor. Bu eksikli\u011fin ya da kayb\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk duygu en yal\u0131n haliyle h\u00fcz\u00fcn.  Arzulanan\u0131n \u00f6nemi artt\u0131k\u00e7a arzunun g\u00fcc\u00fc de art\u0131yor. Bu artt\u0131k\u00e7a kayb\u0131n etkisi de art\u0131yor. \u00dcz\u00fcnt\u00fcye,  daha sonra kedere ve daha derin bir kedere, melankoliye d\u00f6n\u00fcyor. Bu insan\u0131 kendi i\u00e7ine g\u00f6men, edilgen k\u0131lan, sessizle\u015ftiren, karamsarl\u0131\u011fa iten bir duygu. Arzuyu sonsuza dek kaybetmenin riski, bir tehlike ve tehdit olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korku ve kayg\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 oluyor. Bunu hi\u00e7 d\u00fczelmeyece\u011fi, bu arzunun hi\u00e7 doyurulmayaca\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131 bu korkunun i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fclme, orada hareketsiz kal\u0131p etkisizle\u015fme, y\u0131lma anlam\u0131na geliyor. Kendisini ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc gelmemecesine \u00e7ekip al\u0131yor.  Korkuyu ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131ran bir siyasal strateji ile iktidarlar bu derin kederle derin korkunun ve belirsizli\u011fin kayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, boyun e\u011fen, iktidarlar\u0131n t\u00fcm s\u00f6ylemlerini ko\u015fulsuz kabul eden, \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi, dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fama bi\u00e7imlerine r\u0131za g\u00f6steren, istendi\u011finde kendisi i\u00e7in hareket eden, \u015fiddet \u00fcretebilen bireyler ve kitleler yaratmak istiyor. Bir t\u00fcr umutsuzluk duygusuyla korunan korku imparatorlu\u011fu…<\/em>
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Bunun tersi de var. Bir \u015feyi arzulaman\u0131n ve bu arzuyu engellemenin getirdi\u011fi \u00f6fke. Y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 olmayan \u00f6fke. Nefrete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeyen. Nas\u0131l ifade edildi\u011fine, nas\u0131l y\u00f6netildi\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131c\u0131 olabilen \u00f6fke. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc diren\u00e7li, direngen k\u0131lan, muhalefet eden, itiraz eden, isyan ettiren \u00f6fke. Ortakla\u015fmac\u0131 (kolektif) bir dayan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n filizlerini b\u00fcy\u00fcten, \u00e7o\u011faltan, kendini ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fc veren \u00f6fke. Ba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnya m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ve bu benim akl\u0131mda, eme\u011fimde, m\u00fccadelemde dedirten \u00f6fke. Umudu do\u011furan, ger\u00e7ek k\u0131lan ve b\u00fcy\u00fcten \u00f6fke. Haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olman\u0131n, hak etti\u011fini alamaman\u0131n sonucu ve hak etti\u011fini elde etmenin, ona ula\u015fman\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan \u00f6fke. \u00d6fkeyi \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek gerekiyor. Umudu \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek gerekiyor. Ama \u00f6nce arzuyu \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek gerekiyor. Arzunun nesnesi beden. Bedeni \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek gerekiyor. \u0130nsan\u0131, zihinleri ve emekleriyle \u00fcretenleri, ezilenleri,  farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginlikleriyle halklar\u0131, yurtta\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlemek gerekiyor. \u0130\u015fte buras\u0131, tam da buras\u0131 \u201cArzunun Diyalekti\u011fi\u201d…<\/em>
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2 – Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u2018\u2019Ter\u00f6rs\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u2019\u2019 adl\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecine, 10 Ekim\u2019in g\u00f6lgesinde nas\u0131l bak\u0131yorsunuz? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dedim ya bir \u015feyin ad\u0131n\u0131 koymak o s\u00fcreci anlamland\u0131rman\u0131n ilk ad\u0131m\u0131. S\u00fcrecin ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cTer\u00f6rs\u00fcz T\u00fcrkiye\u201d olmas\u0131, i\u00e7inde bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve demokrasinin olmamas\u0131 bu s\u00fcreci anlamay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Bir halk\u0131n var olma m\u00fccadelesi,  bu \u00fclkenin kurucu halklar\u0131ndan biri olan, ad\u0131, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yok say\u0131lan; katliamlar, bask\u0131lara, i\u015fkencelere,  zorla g\u00f6\u00e7lere,  yarg\u0131s\u0131z infazlara maruz kalm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok ac\u0131 \u00e7eken bir halk\u0131n ve bu anlams\u0131z sava\u015fa \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 kurban vermi\u015f, yaslar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayamam\u0131\u015f halklar\u0131n, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 beklentilerini, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez ya da de\u011fersiz k\u0131lan bir ba\u015fl\u0131k. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 10 Ekim Gar katliam\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor? Burada s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fim t\u00fcm hesapla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f katliamlar\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor diye soruyu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek gerekir. E\u011fer bir katliam\u0131 daha en ba\u015ftan \u00f6nleyemiyorsan, gelen istihbaratlara ra\u011fmen \u00f6ncesinde ve alanda gerekli \u00f6nlemleri alm\u0131yorsan, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesine dolayl\u0131 olarak uygun zemin b\u0131rak\u0131yorsan,  koca mitinge 74 polis g\u00f6revlendiriyorsan (<\/em>bas\u0131nda b\u00f6yle yaz\u0131yor),  yaral\u0131lar\u0131 kurtarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan mitingdeki doktorlara, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na tazyikli su ve biber gaz\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131yorsan, hastaneye ula\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 geciktiriyorsan, bunu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsan, dolayl\u0131 olarak delillerin ortadan kalkmas\u0131 ya da bozulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yorsan, var olanlar\u0131 da toplam\u0131yorsan, haberlere gizlilik karar\u0131 veriyorsan, sorumlular\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yeterince destek vermiyorsan, sorumlulara soru\u015fturma izni vermiyorsan,  davalar\u0131 adaletin tecelli etmedi\u011fi bi\u00e7imde sonland\u0131r\u0131yorsan, zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frat\u0131yorsan, zamanla tutuklu hi\u00e7 bir san\u0131k b\u0131rakm\u0131yorsan ve daha bir s\u00fcr\u00fc, bar\u0131\u015f ve demokrasiyi kurma, in\u015fa etme, ter\u00f6rs\u00fcz bir \u00fclke yaratma niyetinde ne denli samimi olabilirsin ki? Katliamlar\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde insanlar\u0131n, yurtta\u015flar\u0131n, halklar\u0131n zihninde cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sorular\u0131n olmas\u0131, bu \u00e7eli\u015fkinin zihinlerini doldurmas\u0131 ve s\u00fcrece \u00e7ok da iyimser olmayan bir temkinlilikle bakmas\u0131 sizce de do\u011fal de\u011fil mi?<\/em>
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3 – Devlet, ink\u00e2r mekanizmas\u0131 i\u015fleterek olayla ilgili sorumluluktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131yor. Bu tutum toplum ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiliyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rseliyor. \u00c7ok \u00f6rseliyor. \u00d6zellikle yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcrecindeki bu tasarruflar ve sonu\u00e7ta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan cezas\u0131zl\u0131k \u00f6rseliyor. Toplumsal \u015fiddet, siyasal cinayet, adaletsizlik, cezas\u0131zl\u0131k bir devlet protokol\u00fc gibi i\u015fliyor. Hukuk ve yarg\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olaylar\u0131 (katliam vs.) bir muammaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek politik \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n arac\u0131 durumuna getiriyor (Dal ve Ertekin 2020). Ben buna Adaletin Travmas\u0131 diyorum. Bu travmay\u0131 en iyi tan\u0131mlayan kavram ise \u201c\u0130hanet Travmas\u0131\u201d. Jennifer Freyd taraf\u0131ndan 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir kavram. Ki\u015filerin zorunlu olarak g\u00fcvendi\u011fi ki\u015fi ya da kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan suistimal edilmesi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Ki\u015finin sald\u0131rganla yak\u0131n g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisinde oldu\u011fu, aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiye ki\u015finin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u2013zarar gelmez- dedi\u011fi durumlarda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ruhsal travma. Bizi korumas\u0131 gereken,  bize vadetti\u011fi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, huzuru g\u00fcveni, refah\u0131, hukuksal e\u015fitli\u011fi vermesi gereken,  en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fiar\u0131n\u0131n hizmeti vermek oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen t\u00fcm kurumlar\u0131yla devletin,  adaletin \u00fcretti\u011fi bir travma. Bu travma elbette ma\u011fdur olan\u0131n ve ma\u011fdur olmasa da tan\u0131k olan\u0131n ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor. Travma Sonras\u0131 Stres Bozuklu\u011fu oluyor. Kronikle\u015fiyor. Karamsarla\u015f\u0131yor. Ya\u015fama iste\u011fini kaybediyor. Depresyona giriyor. \u0130\u015f verimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Kayg\u0131 denizinde bo\u011fuluyor. Kendi rahatlatmak i\u00e7in alkole, maddeye,  ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 yapan nesne ve davran\u0131\u015flara y\u00f6neliyor. \u015eiddet e\u011filimi art\u0131yor. Rahatlat\u0131c\u0131 ve onu kendi i\u00e7ine g\u00f6men manevi alanlara y\u00f6neliyor. Uykusu bozuluyor, i\u015ftah\u0131 bozuluyor. Aile ili\u015fkileri bozuluyor. Cinsel ya\u015fam\u0131 bozuluyor.  Umudunu yitiriyor zamanla. Grup ili\u015fkilerini etkiliyor. Hem birey hem de toplum ruh sa\u011fl\u0131n\u0131 etkiliyor ve bu etkilenme son derece dinamik bir s\u00fcre\u00e7. <\/em>
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4 – 10 Ekim Katliam\u0131 gibi ter\u00f6r olaylar\u0131ndan sonra; sa\u011f kalanlar, engelli olarak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrenler ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybedenler nas\u0131l bir ruhsal s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015famaktalar? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gar katliam\u0131 sonras\u0131 kurtulanlarla yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yok. Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da \u00e7ok kolay bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma de\u011fil. Hem olgulara ula\u015fmak,  g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015febilmek, bunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli izinleri alabilmek zor. Bir s\u00fcr\u00fc engel var. B\u00f6yle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n uzunlamas\u0131na yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. \u00dclkedeki travma literat\u00fcr\u00fc daha \u00e7ok deprem, do\u011fal felaketler, askeri pop\u00fclasyonda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 da olsa bir ka\u00e7 ter\u00f6r patlamas\u0131 ve 12 Eyl\u00fcl d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lan i\u015fkenceler ile ilgili. Bu alandaki literat\u00fcr bilgisini en \u00e7ok besleyen de T\u00fcrkiye \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Vakf\u0131n\u0131n uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve halen yay\u0131nlamaya devam etti\u011fi \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve Tedavi Merkezleri raporlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bir katliam\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ruhsal sonu\u00e7lar ile ilgili bildi\u011fim tek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Mehmet Sungur\u2019la birlikte yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Sivas Katliam\u0131 ile ilgili olan uzunlamas\u0131na ara\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r (Sungur ve Kaya 2001).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

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Ula\u015fabildi\u011fim bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gar katliam\u0131 ile ilgili bu soruya verilerle yan\u0131t veremiyorum. \u015eunu s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Kitlesel travmalar, katliamlar\u0131n ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 zor s\u00fce\u00e7ler ya\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyen, uzayan bir yas. Travmatik yas. Travma sonras\u0131 stres bozuklu\u011fu. Kronik. Her y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc ile alevlenen. Her mahkeme sonucu y\u00fckselen,  peki\u015fen. Her haberde tetiklenen. Bu i\u015flenmemi\u015f,  anlamland\u0131r\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f,  onar\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f travman\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen bir hayat. Bir de gerekli ruhsal destekleri alamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131,  bunu sa\u011flayan iyile\u015ftirici bir mekanizma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, iyile\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin ki\u015fini kendisine b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek durum hi\u00e7 te i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil. <\/em>
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5 – Bug\u00fcn, gen\u00e7 psikolog ve psikiyatristlere, politik travmalarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ne tavsiye edersiniz? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle politik travmalar\u0131 bir kariyer alan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmek \u00e7ok ho\u015fuma giden bir \u015fey de\u011fil.  Travma ile u\u011fra\u015fmak cesaret ister. Bedeli olan bir \u015feydir. Tan\u0131kl\u0131kt\u0131r bir t\u00fcr. Ac\u0131 vericidir travma ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u00e7in de. \u0130kincil travmalara yol a\u00e7ar.  Kendini de korumas\u0131 gereken bir y\u00fckt\u00fcr travma. Travma ile u\u011fra\u015fmak hekim olman\u0131n, psikiyatr olman\u0131n, ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131na emek veren bir ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 profesyoneli olman\u0131n ko\u015fulsuz sorumlulu\u011fudur. T\u00fcm ruhsal sorunlar\u0131n olu\u015fumunda erken \u00e7ocukluktan bug\u00fcne gelen b\u00fcy\u00fck ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, bireysel ve toplumsal travmalar\u0131n,  travma tan\u0131mlar\u0131na girmese de \u00f6rseleyici, incitici olumsuz ya\u015fam deneyimlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi var. \u0130lliyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kuruldu\u011fu durumlarda travma odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar \u00e7ok \u00f6nem kazan\u0131yor. Bireyi bu ruhsal ac\u0131dan kurtar\u0131p yeniden ya\u015fam\u0131na h\u00e2kim olabilmesini sa\u011flama, yeniden umutla bug\u00fcn\u00fcne ve gelece\u011fine bakabilmesini sa\u011flama bu travmalar\u0131 fark etme ve \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile olanakl\u0131. Bu nedenle mesleki uygulamada travmay\u0131 temel alan bir bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 daim k\u0131lmak gerekiyor. Elbette bu alanda ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmak ve bunu bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve kamuoyu ile payla\u015fmak travmalar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan ko\u015fullar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak kadar de\u011ferli. Travmalar\u0131n ruhsal sorunlar \u00fcretmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek,  bireyin ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma becerilerin geli\u015ftirmek, travmalara dayan\u0131kl\u0131 k\u0131lmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan…<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politik travmalarla u\u011fra\u015fan ba\u015fl\u0131ca alanlardan biri Politik Psikoloji. Politik Psikolojiyi de egemenlerin, iktidarlar\u0131n kendi h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131lma ve \u201d\u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc\u201d diyerek y\u00f6netme arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme halinden kurtarmak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirmek gerekiyor. Yaln\u0131zca psikodinamik kuramlar\u0131n indirgemeci ve daraltan niteli\u011finden, retori\u011finden de… Her iki yan\u0131yla da \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirilmesi gerekiyor.  Politik psikolojiyi politik olan\u0131n, ekonomi politik olan\u0131n insan\u0131n,  kitlelerin,  toplumlar\u0131n ruh hallerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermek,  \u00f6rselenmi\u015f insan\u0131 yeniden g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek ve kendi tarihine sahip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak bir ara\u00e7 olarak ger\u00e7ek ruhuna kavu\u015fturmak.<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal HS, Ertekin OG (2020). Mara\u015f Katliam\u0131, Pogrom ve Soyk\u0131r\u0131m. Mara\u015f Katliam\u0131: Vah\u015fet, Direni\u015f ve \u0130\u015fkence (i\u00e7inde). Derleyen. Orhan Gazi Ertekin. Dipnot Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara,   s. 205-214.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ertekin OG (2020).Giri\u015f.  Mara\u015f Katliam\u0131: Vah\u015fet, Direni\u015f ve \u0130\u015fkence (i\u00e7inde). Derleyen. Orhan Gazi Ertekin. Dipnot Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara,  s. 15-34.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Freyd JJ (1997)  <\/em>Betrayal trauma : the logic of forgetting childhood abuse. <\/em>by Jennifer J. Freyd. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sungur M, Kaya B (2001). The onset and longitudinal course of a man-made post-traumatic morbidity: Survivors of the Sivas disaster. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 5 (3): s.195-202.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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